• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Engineered Systems Applications Reliability & Throughput System Reliability and Process Throughput Analysis For many engineered systems, it is necessary to predict measures such as the system's reliability (the probability that a component or system will perform its required function over a specified time period) and availability (the probability that a component or system is performing its required function at any given time). For some engineered systems (e.g., processing plants, transportation systems), these measures directly impact the system's throughput: the rate at which material (e.g., rocks, chemicals, products) move through the system. Reliability models are frequently used to compare design alternatives on the basis of metrics such as warranty and maintenance costs. Throughput models are typically used to compare design alternatives in order to optimize throughput and/or minimize processing costs. By combining the flexibility of a general-purpose and highly-graphical that can directly model the movement of material through a system, with specialized features to support reliability analysis, GoldSim allows you to create quantitative and transparent reliability and throughput models to allow you to ask 'what if' questions regarding various designs and make defensible risk management decisions. These analyses are facilitated by the. The fundamental outputs produced by the Reliability Module consist of predicted reliability metrics (e.g., reliability and availability) for the overall system, and for individual components within that system.

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The Reliability Module tracks and analyzes failure scenarios, which allows for key sources of unreliability and risk to be identified. Sandia Report SAND2012-10342, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico – December 2012 Steven P. Miller, Jennifer E. Granata and Joshua S. Stein Sandia National Laboratories Most photovoltaic (PV) performance models currently available are designed to use irradiance and weather data and predict PV system output using a module or array performance model and an inverter model.

While these models can give accurate results, they do so for an idealized system. That is, a system that does not experience component failures or outages. We have developed the Photovoltaic Reliability and Performance Model (PV-RPM) to more accurately model these PV systems by including a reliability component that simulates failures and repairs of the components of the system, as well as allow for the disruption of the system by external events such as lightning or grid disturbances. In addition, a financial component has also been included to help assess the profitability of a PV system. This report provides some example analyses of three different PV system designs using the PV-RPM.

Estun e21s manual. 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, Valencia, Spain – September 2010 E. Granata, and M. Quintana, Sandia National Laboratories A reliability and availability model has been developed for a portion of the 4.6 megawatt (MWdc) photovoltaic system operated by Tucson Electric Power (TEP) at Springerville, Arizona using a commercially available software tool, GoldSim™.